Currently, engineers and programmers are "hunted" by businesses with great income and remuneration, which reflected the attractiveness of the industry and the shortage of human resources in research activities and the businesses’ activities. Many Vietnamese scientists working abroad are also invited by large domestic economic groups with income and remuneration not inferior to private organisations throughout the world.
Assoc. Prof, Dr. Vu Tuan Hung from the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences said that the education and training forms in developing countries in general and Vietnam, in particular, have not kept up with the development trend of the digital economy and the creative economy. Therefore, the need to train and retrain human resources to meet the requirements of the digital economy becomes urgent. In addition, their telecommunications infrastructures have not been realistic enough to store and use data for the development of the digital economy.
According to statistics, Vietnam has more than 1,000 central science and technology organisations (accounting for 66.1per cent) and 512 local science and technology organisations (accounting for 33.9 percent). Although there are many science and technology organisations, the number of strong science and technology collectives is very small and they have not been professional and methodical.
Human resources in science and technology organisations are in surplus, but the capacity of some staff has not been promoted strongly. The main reason for the unprofessionalism and the inability of development is that the funding for science and technology development is still modest. Science and technology staff gather mainly in scientific organisations at the central level. Problems in the allocation and use of the state budget, remuneration, management and human resource allocation still exist due to the lack of a complete policy system as well as short-term, medium-term and long-term strategies suitable to the country's socio-economic conditions.
According to Master Nguyen Xuan Bac from the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, in the short term, an effective solution to develop human resources in the science and technology sector is to recruit staff and experts who are working and studying abroad. Therefore, the agencies and businesses should develop a reasonable remuneration policy. Facing the difficult economic conditions of the country, if there are no practical policies, especially in terms of opportunities and a clear roadmap for their promotion to retain talented people, they will move to work in other countries and non-state organisations with better income and working environments.
Many experts said that in the long term, the education and training system, especially vocational education, needs to quickly train highly adaptive human resources. The structure of vocational training should focus on the application of digital economic models. Science and technology training programmes need to pay great attention to socialisation.
Science and technology education associated with breakthrough technology products need to be implemented from low to high school levels, creating conditions for students to access this field as soon as possible. Training institutions across the country need to apply technological achievements to improve teaching effectiveness and equip learners with the knowledge to master science and technology from basic to modern levels. The universities also should strengthen the cooperation in training and practice of information technology applications with the businesses.
It is essential to encourage young people to pursue careers and fields related to science and technology through support in finance, training funding, scholarships, and job searches. This is an effective and long-term solution that most countries around the world have prioritised. In addition, it is crucial to overcome limitations from the state budget to create the best working environment and conditions for science and technology human resources.
