August 22, 1945: Revolutionary waves surge, many provinces simultaneously seize power

In Yen Bai, the Provincial Party Organisation organised a mass meeting at Cang Yard, Yen Bai Town, attracting nearly 10,000 participants. The Provisional Revolutionary People’s Committee of Yen Bai was introduced to the people, with Ngo Minh Loan as Chairman and Nguyen Phuc as Vice Chairman.

Vanguard youths in Sai Gon demonstrating their strength during the days of the August Revolution in 1945. (Photo: Ho Chi Minh City Museum)
Vanguard youths in Sai Gon demonstrating their strength during the days of the August Revolution in 1945. (Photo: Ho Chi Minh City Museum)

On behalf of the Provincial Provisional Revolutionary People’s Committee, Nguyen Phuc declared the elimination of the colonial and feudal regime, announced the policies of the Viet Minh Front, and called on the ethnic groups in the province to unite in supporting and assisting the revolutionary government, remaining to crush all schemes of imperialists and reactionary forces, overcome every hardship, and resolutely safeguarding revolutionary achievements while building a new life.

In the morning of the day, in Cao Bang, the Provincial and Town Provisional People’s Committees organised a street parade to demonstrate revolutionary strength, followed by a meeting at Pho Cu Pagoda, declaring the elimination of the Japanese puppet government and the establishment of the Town Provisional People’s Committee.

The people of Cao Bang Town warmly welcomed the revolutionary authorities as the Provincial and Town Provisional People’s Committees were introduced. At the same time, a delegation was dispatched on behalf of the Provincial Provisional People’s Committee to establish relations with Chiang’s troops under the allied regulations, with the aim of protecting the revolutionary government and safeguarding the independence and freedom newly won by the people.

The people of Cao Bang Town warmly welcomed the revolutionary authorities as the Provincial and Town Provisional People’s Committees were introduced.

In Hung Yen, tens of thousands of armed masses carrying guns, knives, spears, and sticks, waving flags and banners, marched into the provincial capital with revolutionary fervour. The enemy dared not resist, and the puppet government quickly collapsed.

The enormous crowd paraded past the governor’s residence and then gathered at the Hung Yen Town Stadium for a grand rally, declaring the abolition of the enemy’s regime and the establishment of the revolutionary government.

In Hue, revolutionary fervour spread across railway workshops, the Public Works Department, and other workplaces, as workers rose up to seize power, overthrowing colonial and fascist rule.

Under the leadership of the Uprising Committee, numerous demonstrations were organised. That evening, the Uprising Committee sent an ultimatum forcing Bao Dai to abdicate, hand power over to the people, and guarantee the safety of the royal family.

Faced with an irreversible situation, Bao Dai convened the “Provisional Cabinet” to approve the abdication draft and announced its dissolution. At 6 p.m., Bao Dai’s abdication declaration was broadcast on Hue Radio.

On the night of August 22, 1945, revolutionary fervour engulfed the city; self-defence units arrested traitors and surrounded reactionaries, while the people eagerly awaited their moment to rise up.

In Khanh Hoa, at dawn, the Kinh people and ethnic minorities, armed with spears, sticks, bows, and arrows, marched from Ca Rom, Hiep My, Hiep Thanh, Tra Long, Khanh Cam, Hoa Do, My Ca, and Con Ke along Route 1 towards Da Bac.

Fishermen from Cam Ranh, Thinh Xuong, Con Sung, Binh Ba, and Binh Hung, on dozens of boats with red flags bearing yellow stars, also advanced towards Da Bac, besieging and occupying the administrative representative office and puppet offices.

The chief inspector Ton That An handed over the seal and documents to the revolution. Reactionary traitors were arrested by self-defence units. The District Provisional Revolutionary People’s Committee, chaired by Nguyen Xuan Cuc, was introduced to the masses, declaring the abolition of the puppet regime and announcing the Viet Minh Front’s ten policies.

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An oil painting depicting the victory celebration rally on the afternoon of August 22, 1945, organised by the Provincial Party Committee and the people of Tan An (on display at the Tong Than House Relic). Photo: Long An Provincial Party Committee Portal (former).

In Tan An, the uprising quickly achieved victory. In the morning, 4,000 crowds carrying bamboo spears, traditional weapons, slogans, and red flags with yellow stars from Chau Thanh and Thu Thua districts marched to the town football field, in front of the governor’s residence, to attend a rally celebrating the revolution. Before the large gathering, the Provisional Revolutionary People’s Committee was introduced to the people.

In Sai Gon, Provincial Party Secretary Nguyen Van Trong and Member of the Provincial Party Secretary’s Standing Board Le Minh Xuan directly commanded the forces to disarm provincial security troops, seizing more than 140 guns. The Vanguard Youth established general order across the town. The governor Thach, on his way back from Sai Gon, was intercepted and captured.

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